Performance of Aptima-HPV in the cervical cancer screening program of Portugal: a cost-analysis

Abstract

Background: Cervical cancer is a major concern to women’s health, being the fourth most common cancer world‑ wide. A great percentage of these cancer is consequence of an HPV infection, namely from specifc genotypes such as 16/18. Portuguese screening program subjects women to a refex cytology triage every 5 years. Aptima® HPV is a screening test which presents better specifcity than other tests which are used in Portugal (Hybrid Capture® 2 and Cobas® 4800) and still have a comparable sensitivity. The present study aims to estimate the number of diagnostic tests and costs that are avoided using Aptima® HPV compared to the use of two other tests, Hybrid Capture® 2 and Cobas® 4800, within the cervical cancer screening programme in Portugal. Methods: A model, consisting of a decision-tree, was developed to represent the full Portuguese screening program for cervical cancer. This model is used to compare the costs resulting from using Aptima® HPV test versus the other tests used in Portugal, during 2 years. Other outcomes such as the number of additional tests and exams were also computed. This comparison considers the performance of each test (sensitivity and specifcity) and assumes an equal price for every test compared. Results: Cost savings resulting from the use of Aptima® HPV are estimated at approximately €382 million versus Hybrid Capture® 2 and €2.8 million versus Cobas® 4800. Moreover, Aptima® HPV prevents 265,443 and 269,856 addi‑ tional tests and exams when compared with Hybrid Capture® 2 and Cobas® 4800. Conclusions: The use of Aptima® HPV resulted in lower costs as well as less additional test and exams. These values result from the greater specifcity of Aptima® HPV, which signals less false positive cases and consequently avoids car‑ rying out additional tests.