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http://hdl.handle.net/10773/19364
Title: | The influence of electrodialytic remediation on dioxin (PCDD/PCDF) levels in fly ash and air pollution control residues |
Author: | Dias-Ferreira, Celia Kirkelund, Gunvor M. Jensen, Pernille E. |
Keywords: | SOLID-WASTE INCINERATORS HEAVY-METALS CHINA MANAGEMENT PLANT |
Issue Date: | 2016 |
Publisher: | PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD |
Abstract: | Fly ash and Air Pollution Control (APC) residues collected from three municipal solid waste incinerators in Denmark and Greenland were treated by electrodialytic remediation at pilot scale for 8-10 h. This work presents for the first time the effect of electrodialytic treatment on polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDD) and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDF), and how these levels impact on the valorization options for fly ash and APC residue. PCDD/PCDF levels in the original residues ranged between 4.85 and 197 ng g(-1), being higher for the electrostatic precipitator fly ash. The toxic equivalent (TEQ) varied ten fold, ranging 0.18-2.0 ng g(-1) I-TEQ with penta and hexa-homologs being most significant for toxicity. After the electrodialytic treatment PCDD/PCDF levels increased in the residues (between 1.4 and 2.0 times). This does not mean PCDD/PCDF were synthesized, but else that soluble materials dissolve, leaving behind the non-water soluble compounds, such as PCDD/PCDF. According to the Basel Convention, PCDD/PCDF levels in these materials is low (<15 mu g WHO-TEQ kg(-1)) and the fly ash and APC residue could eventually be valorized, for instance as construction material, provided end-of-waste criteria are set and that a risk assessment of individual options is carried out, including the end-of-life stage when the materials become waste again. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. |
Peer review: | yes |
URI: | http://hdl.handle.net/10773/19364 |
DOI: | 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.01.061 |
ISSN: | 0045-6535 |
Publisher Version: | 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.01.061 |
Appears in Collections: | CICECO - Artigos |
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The influence of electrodialytic remediation on dioxin (PCDDPCDF) levels in fly ash and air pollution control residues_10.1016j.chemosphere.2016.01.061.pdf | 889.84 kB | Adobe PDF |
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