TY: JOUR T1 - Cr(VI) induces DNA damage, cell cycle arrest and polyploidization: a flow cytometric and comet assay study in Pisum sativum A1 - Rodriguez, Eleazar A1 - Azevedo, Raquel A1 - Fernandes, Pedro A1 - Santos, Conceição N2 - Chromium(VI) is recognized as the most toxic valency of Cr, but its genotoxicity and cytostaticity in plants is still poorly studied. In order to analyze Cr(VI) cyto- and gentotoxicity, Pisum sativum L. plants were grown in soil and wateredwithsolutionswithdi?erentconcentrationsofCrupto 2000 mg/L. After 28 days of exposure, leaves showed no signi?cant variations in either cell cycle dynamics or ploidy level. As for DNA damage, ?ow cytometric (FCM) histograms showed signi?cant di?erences in full peak coe?cient of variation(FPCV)values,suggestingclastogenicity.Thisisparalleled bytheCometassayresults,showinganincreaseinDNAdamagefor1000and2000mg/L.Inroots,exposureto2000mg/Lresulted in cell cycle arrest at the G2/M checkpoint. It was also veri?ed that under the same conditions 40% of the individuals analyzed su?ered polyploidization having both 2C and 4C levels. DNA damage analysis by the Comet assay and FCM revealed dosedependentincreasesinDNAdamageandFPCV.Throughthis,wehaveunequivocallydemonstratedforthe ?rsttimeinplantsthat Cr exposure can result in DNA damage, cell cycle arrest, and polyploidization. Moreover, we critically compare the validity of the CometassayandFCMinevaluatingcytogenetictoxicitytestsinplantsanddemonstratethatthedataprovidedbybothtechniques complementeachother andpresenthighcorrelationlevels.Inconclusion,thedatapresentedprovides newinsightonCre?ectsin plants in general and supports the use of the parameters tested in this study as reliable endpoints for this metal toxicity in plants. UR - https://ria.ua.pt/handle/10773/25188 Y1 - 2011 PB - American Chemical Society