Nanostructured Composites Obtained by ATRP Sleeving of Bacterial Cellulose Nanofibers with Acrylate Polymers

Abstract

Novel nanostnictured composite materials based on bacterial cellulose membranes (BC) and acrylate polymers were prepared by in situ atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP). BC membranes were fiinctionalized with initiating sites, by reaction with 2-bromoisobutyryl bromide (BiBBr), followed by atom transfer radical polymerization of methyl methacrylate (MIV1A) and n-butyl acrylate (BA), catalyzed by copper(I) bromide and N,/N,N',N\",N\"-pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA), using two distinct initiator amounts and monomer feeds. The living characteristic of the system was proven by the growth of PBA block from the BC-g-PMMA membrane. The BC nanofiber sleeving was clearly demonstrated by SEM imaging, and its extent can be tuned by controlling the amount of initiating sites and the monomer feed. The ensuing nanocomposites showed high hydrophobicity (contact angles with water up to 134), good thermal stability (initial degradation temperature in the range 241-275 degrees C), and were more flexible that the unmodified BC membranes.