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Title: | How to mitigate impacts of wind farms on bats? A review of potential conservation measures in the European context |
Author: | Peste, Filipa Paula, Anabela da Silva, Luís P. Bernardino, Joana Pereira, Pedro Mascarenhas, Miguel Costa, Hugo Vieira, José Bastos, Carlos Fonseca, Carlos Ramos Pereira, Maria João |
Keywords: | Wind farms Impacts Bats Mitigation hierarchy Offsets/compensation measures |
Issue Date: | 2015 |
Publisher: | Elsevier |
Abstract: | Wind energy is growingworldwide as a source of power generation. Bat assemblagesmay be negatively affected by wind farms due to the fatality of a significant number of individuals after collidingwith the moving turbines or experiencing barotrauma. The implementation of wind farms should followstandard procedures to prevent such negative impacts: avoid, reduce and offset, in what is known as the mitigation hierarchy. According to this approach avoiding impacts is the priority, followed by the minimisation of the identified impacts, and finally, when residual negative impacts still remain, those must be offset or at least compensated. This paper presents a review on conservation measures for bats and presents some guidelines within the compensation scenario, focusing on negative impacts that remain after avoidance and minimisation measures. The conservation strategies presented aim at the improvement of the ecological conditions for the bat assemblage as a whole. While developed under the European context, the proposed measures are potentially applicable elsewhere, taking into consideration the specificity of each region in terms of bat assemblages present, landscape features and policy context regarding nature and biodiversity conservation and management. An analysis of potential opportunities and constraints arising from the implementation of offset/compensation programmes and gaps in the current knowledge is also considered. |
Peer review: | yes |
URI: | http://hdl.handle.net/10773/17281 |
DOI: | 10.1016/j.eiar.2014.11.001 |
ISSN: | 0195-9255 |
Appears in Collections: | CESAM - Artigos DBio - Artigos IEETA - Artigos |
Files in This Item:
File | Description | Size | Format | |
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Peste et al. - 2015 - How to mitigate impacts of wind farms on bats A r.pdf | 480.57 kB | Adobe PDF |
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